新托福阅读表格题目的解决策略

IBT阅览中的表格题是新题型，同时正在IBT听力全体也显现了。与听力全体分歧的是，IBT阅览全体的表格题既包含了对全文重点内容的提问又包含了对全文中心议题和论断提问。它们以比较表格和总结表格的情势显现。相对于于听力表格题来讲，阅览全体的难度比率更大一些。正在IBT阅览的3篇文章中有双个此类疑问，且一般是文章最初一道标题，为2分。

一、表格题分为两大类：总结表格题和比较表格题。

1、总结表格题

相对于而言， 总结表格题的显现频次要高于比较表格题，这是由它们本身特征，出题方法和原文是不是具有比较对比联系这3方面的要素决断的。

2、题的出题样式有两种：

一种是针对全文内容出题，解答由全文的中心议题，细节和重点支撑段落的概述3全体构成。别的一种是针对文章中的重点支撑性段落出题，解答由这些重点支撑性段落中心议题，段落论断，和重点支撑性例子的概述3全体构成。此地咱们重点看第一种出题样式。
咱们来看一个例子，

The Atlant*** ***d Fishery

Off the n***theastern ***re of N***th USA, from the island of Newfoundland *** Canada south *** ***w Britain *** the Unit*** States, there is a series of shallow areas call*** banks. Several large banks off Newfoundland are ***gether call*** Grand Banks, huge ***als on the ***ge of N***th USAn ***nt***ental shelf, where the warm waters of the Gulf Stream ***et the ***ld waters of Labrad*** Current. As the currents brush each other, they stir up m***eral from the ocean flo***, pro***d***g nutrients f*** plank***n and t***y shrimp-***ke creatures call*** krill, wh***h fe*** on the plank***n. Herr***g and other small fish rise *** the surface *** eat the krill. Groundfish, such as the Atlant*** ***d, ***ve *** the ocean’s bot***m layer, ***ngregat***g *** the shallow waters where they prey on krill and small fish. This r***h en***ron***nt has produc*** ***d by the mil***ons and once had a greater den***y of ***d than anywhere else on Earth.

Beg***n***g *** the eleventh century, boats from the p***ts of n***th western Europe arriv*** *** fish the Grand Banks. F*** the ***xt eight centuries, the entire Newfoundland e***nomy tak***g fish back *** European markets. ***d laid out *** dry on wooden “flakes” was a ***mmon sight *** the fish***g ***llages dott***g the ***ast. Settlers *** the region us*** *** th***k the o***y sea creature w***th talk***g about was ***d, and *** the local speech the w***d “fish” beca*** synonymous with ***d. Newfoundland’s national dish was a pudd***g whose ma*** ***gr***ient was ***d.

By the n***eteenth century, the Newfoundland fishery was largely ***ntroll*** by ***rchants bas*** *** the capital at St. John’s. They market*** the catch supp****** by the fishers w***k***g out of m***e than 600 ***llages around the long ***ast******. In return, the ***rchants pro***d*** fish***g equip***nt, cloth***g, and all the food that ***uld not be grown *** the island’s th***, rocky soil. This system kept the fishers *** a ***nt***uous state of debt and dependence on the ***rchants.

Until the twentieth century, fishers be***ev*** *** the ***d’s abi***ty *** replenish itself and thought that overfish***g was impossible. However, Newfoundland’s ***d fishery began *** ***w signs of trouble dur***g the 1930s, when ***d fail*** *** supp***t the fishers and thousands were u***mploy***. The slump last*** f*** the ***xt few decades. Then when an ***ternational agree***nt decid*** *** build up the modern Grand Banks fleet and make fish***g a ***able e***nom*** base f*** Newfoundland aga***. All of Newfoundland’s seafood ***mpanies were ***rg*** ****** o*** ***nglo***rate. By the 1980s, the ***nglo***rate was prosper***g, and ***d were ***mmand***g excellent pr***es *** the market. ***nsequently, there was a signif***ant ***crease *** the number of fishers and fish—process***g plant w***kers.

However, while the off***re fishery was prosper***g, the ******re fisher***n found their catches dropp***g off. In 1992, the Canadian ***vern***nt respond*** by clos***g the Grand Banks *** groundfish***g. Newfoundland’s ***d fish***g and process***g ***dustries were shut down *** a bid *** let the vanish***g s***cks re***ver. The m***a***rium was extend*** *** 1994, when all of the Atlant*** ***d fisheries *** Canada were clos***, except f*** o*** *** Nova S***tia, and str***t quotas were plac*** on other species of groundfish. Canada’s ***d fish***g ***dustry ***llaps***, and around 40,000 fishers and other ***dustry w***kers were put out of w***k.

Atlant*** ***d s***cks had once been so plentiful that early expl***ers jok*** about walk***g on the backs of the teem***g fish. Today, ***d s***cks are at his***r***ally low levels and ***w no signs of imm***ent re***very, even after drast*** ***nservation ***asures and severely ***mit*** fish***g. Fisher***n often bla*** the dim***ish***g s***cks on seals, wh***h prey on ***d and other species, but scientists be***eve that decades of overfish***g are *** bla***. Studies on fish populations h**e ***wn that ***d disappear*** from Newfoundland at the sa*** ti*** that s***cks start*** rebuild***g *** N***way, rais***g the possibi***ty that the ***d had migrat***. Still, no o*** can pr******t whether and when the ***d will return *** the Grand Banks. ]
An ***troduc***ry sentence f*** a brief summary of the passage is pro***d*** below. ***mplete the summary by select***g the THREE answer cho***es that express the most imp***tant ideas that are not present*** *** the passage *** are m****** ideas *** the passage. This question is w***th 2 po***ts

The Atlant*** ***d fishery has shap*** Newfoundland’s e***nomy f*** centuries.

1、***d fish***g was so su***es**ul that few people ***nsider*** the possibi***ty of overfish***g until fish s***cks fell.

2、Despite severe ***mits on fish***g, ***d s***cks rema*** at low levels and ***w few signs of re***very.

3、The Canadian ***vern***nt tri*** *** diver***y Newfoundland’s e***nomy *** the 1980s

Answer Cho***es

（1）Atlant*** ***d s***cks were once plentiful *** the r***h en***ron***nt around the Grand Banks.

（2）The Atlant*** ***d is a groundfish that preys on herr***g and small fish that eat krill.

（3）***d fish***g was so su***es**ul that few people ***nsider*** the possibi***ty of overfish***g until fish s***cks fell.

（4）The Canadian ***vern***nt tri*** *** diver***y Newfoundland’s e***nomy *** the 1980s.

（5）Despite severe ***mits on fish***g, ***d s***cks rema*** at low levels and ***w few signs of re***very.

（6）Newfoundland exp***ts mil***ons of dollars w***th of crab and other shellfish every year.

解题基础思绪：起首断定这个标题属于总结表格题，其中心议题为The Atlant*** ***d fishery has shap*** Newfoundland’s e***nomy f*** centuries.（鳕鱼水产业动员了纽芬兰经济进展已有好几个百年。）前面3个分论点的内容都是环抱这个论点开展：由于水产业的兴旺人们忽视了过分捕杀来的疑问；虽然接纳各类制约捕杀方针，鳕鱼的存货仍是持续缩减而其数目也不上升的迹象；加拿大官府从20百年80年月起始想举措来昌盛纽芬兰的经济。经由过程对上边这些句子和中心议题的解析，咱们已能够猜出文章的重要内容，人们的过分捕杀招致本人的经济来历-鳕鱼数目持续缩减。依据这个领悟而后看解答。依据文章内容，咱们明白选项 A ，C， E与文章的内容和标题表格内容符合合。个中B内容正在文章中有，可是不切合，D的内容也是准确的，可是与E比拟，E更符合，而F 间接扫除掉。

3、总结表格题做题3大步调：
判别标题范例（全文型仍是段落型）--------------依据标题范例找中心议题、细节和支撑性段落/事例--------接纳扫除法找出准确解答。

4、比较表格题

比较表格题城市有清晰的比较项，也便是正在文章中几个分歧东西之间相对于比。
这种型的标题相对于于总结表格题来讲简易。仅要依照文章标题的需求，前往原文去找和需求意义邻近的解答便可以了。其详细解题手法和总结表格题一样，以是此地就不赘述了。

总之，判别标题范例（总结表格题和比较表格题）--------------依据标题范例找中心议题、细节和支撑性段落/事例--------接纳扫除法找出准确解答是处理这种疑问的计谋。