2007年GMAT考试最新逻辑推理仿真试题训练三(1)
Questions 1-2 are bas*** on the follow***g.
We h**e heard a ***od deal *** recent years about the dec***n***g imp***tance of the two maj*** po***t***al parties. It is the mass ***dia, we are ***ld, that decide the out****** of elections, not the power of the parties. But it is w***th not***g that no ***dependent *** third-party candidate has won any imp***tant election *** recent years, and *** the last nationwide campaign, the two maj*** parties rais*** and spent m***e mo***y than ever bef***e *** supp***t of their candidates and platf***ms. It seems clear that rep***ts of the imm***ent demise of the two-party system are premature at best.
1. Wh***h of the follow***g is an assumption made *** the argu***nt above?
（A） The amount of mo***y rais*** and spent by a po***t***al party is o*** va***d criterion f*** judg***g the ***fluence of the party.
（B） A signif***ant ***crease *** the number of third-party candidates would be e***dence of a dec****** *** the imp***tance of the two maj*** parties.
（C） The two-party system has ***ntribut*** signif***antly *** the stabi***ty of the USAn po***t***al structure.
（D） The mass ***dia tend *** f***** an ***dependent *** third-party candidate over a candidate from o*** of the two maj*** parties
（E） The mass ***dia are relatively unimp***tant *** decid***g the out****** of most elections.
2. Wh***h of the follow***g, if true, would most strengthen the argu***nt above?
（A） The percentage of voters register*** as ***dependents is higher ***day than ever bef***e.
（B） In a recent presidential campaign, f*** the first ti*** ever, an ***dependent candidate was ******t*** *** appear *** a tele***s*** debate with the maj***-party candidates.
（C） Every current ***mber of the U.S. Senate was elect*** as the candidate of o*** of the two maj*** parties.
（D） In a recent op***ion poll, most voters stat*** that a candidate's party affi***ation was an ***signif***ant fac***r *** judg***g his *** her fit***ss f*** off***e.
（E） In the last four years, the out****** of several statewide elections has been determ****** by the strength of the third-party vote.
3. Psychologists ***nduct*** a series of experi***nts *** test the effect upon schoolchildren of ***olence *** films. In the first experi***nt, grammar school children were ***wn a film that ***clud*** sce***s of a male teenager engag***g *** ***olent acts aga***st others, such as punch***g, push***g, and k***k***g. Dur***g a free-play session follow***g the film ***ew***g, 42 percent of the children were observ*** *** engage *** o*** *** m***e ***olent acts similar *** those *** the film. In a se***nd experi***nt, a different group of children was ***wn a similar film featur***g a female teenager. O***y 14 percent of the children were observ*** beh*****g ***olently afterward. The psychologists ***nclud*** that children are m***e ***kely *** imitate ***olent beh**i*** on film when a male model is ***wn than when a female model is ***wn.
Wh***h of the follow***g, if true, would most seriously weaken the psychologists' ***nclusion?
（A） In both experi***nts, the ***ctims of the fil***d ***olence ***clud*** both males and females.
（B） In the se***nd experi***nt, 28 percent of the children appear*** upset dur***g the ***ew***g the ***olent film sce***s.
（C） The first group ***clud*** 19 male students and 20 female students; the se***nd group ***clud*** 20 male students and 21 female students.
（D） In the first group, 58 percent of the children appear*** b****** dur***g the ***w***g of the film, and 12 percent fell asleep
（E） The percentage of children known *** h**e discip****** problems pri*** *** the experi***nt was greater *** the first group than *** the se***nd group.
4. Ma********* Airways was bought by its employees six years a***. Three years a***, Ma********* hir*** Qua****** Advertis***g Agency *** handle its promotions and advertis***g di***sion. Today Ma*********'s profits are over 20 percent higher than they were five years a*** and 10 percent higher than they were three years a***. Employee ow***rship and a ***od advertis***g agency h**e ***mb****** *** make Ma********* m***e profitable.
Wh***h of the follow***g best describes the weak po***t *** the argu***nt above?
（A） It fails *** estab***sh a c***sal ***n***ction between the change *** ow***rship at Ma********* Airways and the hir***g of Qua******, on the o*** hand, and the rise *** Ma*********'s profits, on the other.
（B） It presents no e***dence ***w***g that employee-ow***d air******s are any m***e profitable than other air******s.
（C） It assu***s that the profits of Ma********* Airways will ***nt***ue *** rise.
（D） It gives no exact figures f*** the current profits of Ma********* Airways.
（E） It fails *** expla*** how the profits of Ma********* Airways are calculat***.
5. At many ***lleges ***day, regulations h**e been impos*** that f***bid the use *** speech *** pr***t of language that “offends” *** “***su***s” the ***mbers of any group, especially wo***n and racial, ethn***, and re***gious m******ities. A***hough these regulations are defend*** *** the na*** of “democracy,” they restr***t fre***om of speech and the press *** a way that opposes the true spirit of democracy.
The argu***nt above attempts *** prove its case primarily by
（A） impugn***g the cr***entials of an oppo***nt
（B） pro***d***g examples that supp***t a the***et***al pr***ciple
（C） tak***g advantage of ******nsistencies *** the def***ition of “democracy”
（D） revea***ng a ***ntrad***tion *** an oppos***g po***t of ***ew
（E） appea***ng *** the patriot*** fee***ngs of its ***dience
6. In 1980, a Danish ten-?re ****** m***t*** *** 1747 was sold at ***ction f*** $8,000. Elean*** Bixby owns another Danish ten-?re ****** m***t*** *** 1747. When she puts it on the market ***xt week, it will fetch a pr***e over $18,000.
Wh***h of the follow***g, if true, would most weaken the ***nclusion drawn above?
（A） S***ce 1980, the **erage pr***e f*** rare ******s has ***creas*** by over 150 percent.
（B） There are o***y four ******s ***ke the o*** *** question *** the entire w***ld.
（C） S***ce 1980, the ***nsu***r pr***e ***dex has risen by over 150 percent.
（D） In 1986, a pre***ously unknown cache of o*** hundr*** ******s just ***ke the o*** *** question was found.（D）
（E） Thirty prom***ent, wea***hy ****** ***llec***rs are expect*** *** bid f*** Bixby's ******.
7. Mer*** has been *** bus***ess longer than Nolen. Inc, Olean Industries was found*** years bef***e the Potter ***mpany, and the Potter ***mpany was start*** years after the Quarles ***rp***ation. Nolen, Inc., and the Quarles ***rp***ation were found*** *** the sa*** year.
If the ***f***mation above is true, wh***h of the follow***g must also be true?
（A） Olean Industries has been *** bus***ess f*** m***e years than Mer***.
（B） Olean Industries has been *** bus***ess f*** m***e years than the Quarles ***rp***ation.
（C） Nolen, Inc., has not been *** bus***ess f*** as many years as Olean Industries.
（D） Mer*** has been *** bus***ess f*** m***e years than the Potter ***mpany.
（E） Nolen, Inc., has not been *** bus***ess f*** as many years as the Potter ***mpany.
8. Wh***h of the follow***g best ***mpletes the passage below?A primary fac***r *** perpetuat***g the low salaries of wo***n w***kers has been their segregation *** the so-call*** p***k-***llar o***upations, such as nurs***g, teach***g, ***brary science, and secretarial w***k. Partly bec***se these jobs h**e traditionally been held by wo***n, their salary levels h**e been depress***, and, despite ***creas*** attempts *** unionize these w***kers *** recent years, their pay ***nt***ues *** lag. M***eover, a***hough a large percentage of wo***n than ever bef***e are now enter***g and rema******g *** the job market, most ***nt***ue *** gr**itate ***ward the p***k-***llar fields, despite the lower salaries. It seems clear, theref***e, that if the **erage salaries of wo***n w***kers are *** approach those of ***n, ______
（A） lab*** unions must r***ouble their eff***ts *** improve the lot of w***k***g wo***n
（B） society's perception of p***k-***llar jobs as less imp***tant and less demand***g than other jobs must be chang***
（C） m***e ***n must be en***urag*** *** enter fields traditionally o***upi*** by wo***n
（D） the number of jobs *** the p***k-***llar fields relative *** the size of the w***k f***ce as a whole must be mark***ly ***creas***
（E） m***e wo***n must enter o***upations other than those traditionally reserv*** f*** them
9. Determ******g the ***thent***ity of purp***t*** pre-***lumbian artifacts is ***ver easy. Carbon-14 dat***g of these artifacts is often impossible due *** ***ntam***ation by radioactive palladium （wh***h o***urs naturally *** the soils of Central and South USA）. However, his***rians and anthropologists h**e evolv*** two re***able criteria, wh***h, uti***z*** *** ***mb***ation, h**e proven effective f*** dat***g these artifacts. First, bec***se ***thent*** pre-***lumbian artifacts characterist***ally o***ur *** a ***arse, granular matrix that is shift*** by maj*** earthquakes, they often exhibit the unique scratch patterns known as gridd***g. In addition, true pre-***lumbian artifacts ***w a darken***g *** surface ***l*** that is c***s*** by centuries of exposure *** the m***ute amounts of mag***sium *** the soil of the USAs.
The criteria above would be LEAST useful *** judg***g the ***thent***ity of wh***h of the follow***g?
（A） An ax head of black obsidian, u***arth*** from a kitchen midden
（B） A pottery bowl with a r*** ocher design, found *** the ru***s of a temple
（C） A set of ***ld ear weights, ***na***nt*** with jasper pendants
（D） A black feather cape from a k***g's burial v******
（E） A mu******ol****** woven sash found ***ar the gr**e***e of a sl**e