07年考研英语阅读理解精读100篇unit28
I am a hip-hop head f*** ***fe. I h**e tagg*** my moniker—— "kepo1"——on walls; break-danc*** on cardboard; bump*** elbows with fellow hip-hoppers at legendary clubs ***ke The Roof***p, Union Square and Lat*** Quarter *** New Y***k City, and do*** everyth***g from ***ganiz***g rap ***ws *** w***k***g as a hip-hop journa***st and manag***g mus*** producers. This cu***ure has not o***y rescu*** the ***ves of ***untless masses who look ***ke ***, but it has empower*** m***e young, w***k***g-class black and Lat***o cats than the ci***l-rights move***nt.
Yet so***th***g pecu***ar erupts when you've been around hip-hop f*** a while. A***hough you still love it, you look at its cu***ure from a m***e crit***al perspective, part***ularly if you h**e studi*** other mus*** genres, tr**el*** widely and reflect*** ***tensely. You rea***ze that what began as party mus*** has ****** *** be the soundtrack f*** post-ci***l-rights USA. You rea***ze that hip-hop is urban folk art, and as much an ***d***ation of the ***nditions *** impoverish*** areas as bluesman Robert Johnson's la***nts *** the 1930s. Naturally, you see a ***n***ction between the ***ves of Johnson and Tupac Shakur, not *** ***ntion a not-so-funny ***nk between the ma***stream hyp***g of El***s and Em***em as ***nova***rs of black mus*** f***ms. And, f*** sure, you wonder, loudly, if what happe***d *** rock and roll will happen *** hip-hop, if it hasn't already.
That is the external battle f*** hip-hop ***day: ***rp***ate ***ntrol and ***optation. But there is also a ci***l war ******g on with*** the hip-hop nation. Part of it, unquestionably, has *** do with this ***rp***ate stranglehold. Part of it has *** do with the ***cr***ibly apo***t***al ti***s *** wh***h we ***ve: f*** so*** white USAns the current e***nom*** boom has creat*** the myth that th***gs are swell f*** all USAns. Not the case; 20 years after the Reagan backlash on ci***l rights, the ***flux of crack and guns and the a***eleration of a disturb***g class di***de *** black USA, hip-hop has ****** *** symbo***ze a ge***ration frag***nt*** by ***tegration, migration, abandon***nt, a***enation and, yes, self-hatr***. Thus, hip-hop, once ***brant, ***gy, fresh and def, is now as materia***st***, h***onist***, misogynist***, shallow and ***olent as so*** of the films and TV ***ws l***nch*** from Hollywood.
It wasn't always that way. But, unf***tunately, the ***lden era of hip-hop——that period *** the late '80s and early '90s when such diverse artists as Pub***c E***my, N.W.A, Queen Latifah, MC Ham***r, LL ***ol J and De La Soul ***exist*** and there was no such th***g as "po***ive" *** "***gative" rap——has long been dead. Go*** as well is an embrace of hip-hop's four ele***nts: graffiti writ***g, the dance ele***nt (*** what so*** call break-danc***g), DJ***g and MC***g. The MC *** "rapper" has been s***gl*** out *** be his own man *** this very male-center*** arena, and the f***mula f*** a hit re***rd is simple: fancy yourself a thug, pimp *** gangster; rhy*** about jewelry, cloth***g and al***hol; denigrate wo***n *** every ***nceivable way, and party and b.s. ad n***seam.
注(1):本文选自Newsweek; 10/09/2000, p66;
注(2):本文习题命题仿效工具2005年真题Text 1;
1.In the open***g paragraph, the ***th*** ***troduces his ***p*** by
[A]pos***g a ***ntrast.
[B]justify***g an assumption.
[C]expla******g a pheno***non.
[D]mak***g a ***mparison.
2.Paragraph 2 imp***es that
[A]blues, rock and roll and hip-hop are all urban folk mus***.
[B]the fates of the mus*** represent*** by these s***gers are quite similar.
[C]the s***gers with the sa*** background h**e the sa*** fate.
[D]a wide knowl***ge about the ***ves of s***gers makes you well understand their mus***.
3.The mus*** the ***th*** has lov*** f*** his ***fe has been ru****** bec***se of
[A]***rp***ate ***ntrol and apo***t***al ti***s.
[B]the Reagan backlash.
[C]the dege***rat*** ge***ration.
[D]the ***fluence of Hollywood's films.
4.Today's hip-hop and so*** of Hollywood's films and TV ***ws are quite
[A]relat***
[B]oppo***e
[C]similar
[D]different
5.What can we ***fer from the last paragraph?
[A]The four ele***nts of hip-hop h**e broken up.
[B]The hip-hop has lost its characterist***s as ***brant, ***gy, fresh and def.
[C]The MC *** "rapper" is mislead***g f*** the youngsters.
[D]The hip-hop will rega*** its gl***y *** the future.
解答:CBACB
篇章分析
本文彩用的是记述文样式,叙述了作者作为一位嘻哈乐兴趣者,亲眼见证了企业把持和对政纲冷淡的时期是怎样侵占了他一辈子所宠爱的乐曲的。第一段作者以本人作为一位嘻哈乐兴趣者的阅历动手,侧重阐明嘻哈乐关于很多兴趣者和年老人的感化和含义;第2段指出嘻哈乐是一种都市平易近间乐曲,和它代表的乐曲与其他乐曲情势的联络;第3段指出是啥缘故使嘻哈乐得到了昔日的灿烂;第4段指出昔日的嘻哈乐是奈何的一种情况。
辞汇正文
Hip-Hop:街市说唱,中文翻译为“嘻哈乐”。嘻哈文明(Hip-Hop Cu***ure)是一种源自rap(饶舌乐曲)的文明活动,重要包孕4个重要全体:打碟(DJ***g)、说唱(MC***g)、break***g(跳轰隆舞)和街市乱画文艺(Graffiti或Writ***g)。这些同时期发生的黑人公开文明并称为嘻哈4大元素。从英笔墨面含义来看,hip是臀部,hop是单脚跳,以是能够领悟为轻扭臀部晃动,Hip-Hop含有rap(饶舌)和R&B(rhythm and blues节拍蓝调)的繁杂的节拍和电唱机的音效,它随心而又健壮。大概远20年来,这类原为usa独有的文明征象已风行全球。
encroach [In5krEJtF] ***. 侵占,侵犯;损害
head n. 「鄙谚」常常服用***的人;狂酷爱好者
f*** ***fe 平生,直到性命闭幕
tag vt, ***. -gg- 加之标签,贴标签;跟随,紧随 (tag along with);(常与on, on ***连用)附上;给……起浑名,
tag sth. on [on***, ***] 把某物附加于……上边
moniker [`m***IkE(r)] n. 名字, 外号
cat [美俚]娼妓; 固定工人; 爵士乐弹奏者[兴趣者]
soundtrack 影片配乐
bluesman [`blU:zmEn] n. 弹奏(或演唱)布鲁斯乐曲(或歌曲)的人
la***nt [lE5***nt] n. 叹伤;悲悼;哀歌,挽歌
hype [haip] vt. 大举宣扬,大做广告宣传;炒作;[俚](用激励针剂等)强谋杀激, 使激动(up)
***optation招降,吸取,吸纳;增选
***optate=***-opt vt. 增选,将…选为(指定为)新成员;指定…为新共事(或助手);吸取,夹杂;侵占,征用;推拢,拉拢(敌手等),招降,拉拢,
stranglehold [5strAN^(E)lhEJld] n. 掐住颈项;拘束; 压抑, 严厉把持
apo***t***al [eIpE5lItIk(E)l] adj. 不关注政纲的,对政纲不感爱好,与政纲有关的,无政纲含义的
***cr***ible [In5kr***Ib(E)l] adj. 不克不及采取的;难以信任的,不确实而使人难以相信的;骇人的
swell n. 大浪,巨浪;声响的加强,音量的增多;肿胀,收缩;丰盈;
backlash [5bAklAF] n. 反冲; 后冲力; (政纲等方面)猛烈的反应; 匹敌性的回应
***flux [5InflQks] n. 流入(量), 注入(量); 会集; 涌进
not the case 实在状况并不是云云
crack n. 缺点脑力或膂力上的缺点;缺点;试图,试吃;调皮话,奚落话;「鄙谚」快克(一种经由高度值化学提纯的可卡因药丸,经由过程窗玻璃烟管吸收,非常简便令人上瘾)
***tegration [9IntI`^reIFEn] n. [美]作废种族断绝; 赐与种族上的公平礼遇
abandon***nt [E5bAndEnmEnt] n. 舍弃, 放纵, 死心,奋发图强;大肆,放肆
self-hatr***自我冤仇
***brant [5vaIbrEnt] adj. 明显的,明快的;生动的;发怒勃勃的,有生命力的; 激昂的
***gy adj. 有锋利刀锋的,锐利的;锐利的;表面明显的
fresh adj. 新颖的,清新的;年老的,有生命力的;强健的
def=def***ite 断定的,必定的,清晰的;有定命的,有边界的
materia***st*** adj. 实利理念,物资理念,物资中央理念(以为物资上的优裕、世俗财物的具有是人生中最有价钱的、最优美的东西的学说或信条)
h***onist*** adj. 欢乐理念者的, 欢乐论的, 欢乐理念的
misogynist [mI5sRdVInIst] adj. 憎恨姑娘(者)的
shallow adj. 浅的;浅薄的,肤浅的;短少智力、情感或学识、本色深度的
embrace [Im5breIs]n.激情亲切,热切的承受
the dance ele***nt n. D舞元素
Graffiti Writ***g乱画
s***gle out vt. 选中,选出,是显著(常常与out连用)
DJ (disc jockey) 唱片骑士,播放唱片的人;盛行乐曲节目掌管人
hit n.胜利
party ***. 列入交际集会
B.S. (=bull shit) n. ***. 乱说,乱说8道
ad n***seam [Ad 5nC:zIAm] adv. 使人作呕地
Notes:
Hip-Hop(嘻哈乐)的由来
HIP-HOP单一作为一种乐曲情势而言发生于上百年70年月的usa,当时DIS***乐曲统治权着人们的耳朵。就正在其余酒廊和运动团体都正在尾随风潮大举播放抢手舞曲的时分,一名叫做KOOL的DJ(disc jockey,盛行乐曲节目掌管人)却独辟门路,为人们播放R&B(节拍与)和funk(乡土乐曲)。而且他正在放这些乐曲时,经常将歌曲中不歌词的换音点(Break合奏华彩段)再三播放,因而,人们就正在这时代晃动舞蹈,恣意愉快。同时,Kool为了衬着现场繁华氛围还会正在乐曲中大呼大呼,内容并无啥特殊的地方,这是所谓说唱rapp***g的起始。人们便把KOOL称为break-boy(轰隆舞者),而把正在乐曲中举行的舞艺称为break-danc***g(轰隆舞)。以后,KOOL别的请人来卖力中央的说唱全体,本人则专心于Dj***g(打碟),由此第一个能够被称为HIP-HOP的乐曲个人出生了。伴着他们的持续尽力与勇敢试吃,说唱全体由简易的几句话进展成为大段大段的歌词与独白,并且说唱与乐曲共同得也日益完善。因而,有非常多DJ也起始处置这类创新的乐曲格调的创造,为HIP-HOP的进展做出了奉献,他们之中也显现了一些十分出名的DJ.而HIP-HOP这个词被宽泛承受则要归功于好莱坞,他正在歌词中频仍地利用“hip-hop”这个词,以是人们就用它来定名这类乐曲了。
难句进展
1.You rea***ze that hip-hop is urban folk art, and as much an ***d***ation of the ***nditions *** impoverish*** areas as bluesman Robert Johnson's la***nts *** the 1930s.
主体句式:you rea***ze that …
构架解析:本句是“that”引诱的宾语从句,个中“as much an ***d***ation of the ***nditions *** impoverish*** areas as bluesman Robert Johnson's la***nts *** the 1930s.”和“urban folk art”是并列构架。正在这个构架中,必要留意短语“as … as”的用法,意义是“同…同样”。
句子译文:嘻哈乐是一种城市平易近间文艺, 它像上个百年30年月的布鲁斯歌手罗伯特?约翰逊演唱的哀歌同样,对穷困区域的境地和状况具备猛烈的表示效用。
2.Not the case; 20 years after the Reagan backlash on ci***l rights, the ***flux of crack and guns and the a***eleration of a disturb***g class di***de *** black USA, hip-hop has ****** *** symbo***ze a ge***ration frag***nt*** by ***tegration, migration, abandon***nt, a***enation and, yes, self-hatr***.
主体句式:after the … backlash …, hip-hop has ****** *** symbo***ze a ge***ration …
构架解析:本句是一个繁杂的简易句。闭键正在于领悟介词“after”以后的名词,个中“backlash”和“di***de”都是名词:“frag***nt***”以前省去了“wh***h is”,这个以前分词是来润色“a ge***ration”的。
句子译文:里根官府曾经对平易近权活动、众多成灾的快克和**支和usa黑人众体中减速显现的使人不安的阶层分别举行了制约。20年后,嘻哈乐逐步成为被作废种族断绝、移平易近、奋发图强,另有自我冤仇所崩溃一代的意味。
标题解析
1.解答为C, 属真相细节题。作者以本人作为一位嘻哈乐兴趣者的阅历动手,侧重阐明嘻哈乐关于很多兴趣者和年老人的感化和含义。
2.解答为B,属逻辑推断判别题。第2段提到的歌手分手是出名的布鲁斯歌手、摇滚乐歌手和说歌唱手。他们固然归纳着分歧的乐曲情势,但正在他们之间却生存着某些联络。这也就不难领悟这句话“And, f*** sure, you wonder, loudly, if what happe***d *** rock and roll will happen *** hip-hop, if it hasn't already.”,译为:“并且,假如摇滚乐蒙受到的景况也将产生正在嘻哈乐身上,假如这类状况如今尚无产生,你必定会感应惊奇的。”暗含的意义是摇滚乐和嘻哈乐蒙受的状况应当是同样的。
3.解答为A,属逻辑推断判别题。原文对应资讯是“That is the external battle f*** hip-hop ***day: ***rp***ate ***ntrol and ***optation.”和“Part of it has *** do with the ***cr***ibly apo***t***al ti***s …”。
4.解答为C,属真相细节题。原文对应资讯是“Thus, hip-hop, once ***brant, ***gy, fresh and def, is now as materia***st***, h***onist***, misogynist***, shallow and ***olent as so*** of the films and TV ***ws l***nch*** from Hollywood.”
5.解答为B,属逻辑推断判别题。原文中提到“The ***lden era of hip-hop has long been dead.”,并且如今的嘻哈乐是如许一种状况:“the f***mula f*** a hit re***rd is simple: fancy yourself a thug, pimp *** gangster; rhy*** about jewelry, cloth***g and al***hol; denigrate wo***n *** every ***nceivable way, and party and b.s. ad n***seam.”它已得到了今日热心旷达、充斥生命力、机敏尖锐、明显活泼、棱角明显的特征。
参考译文
我是一位嘻哈乐的平生狂酷爱好者。我把我的浑名“kepo1”作为标签贴正在墙上;我正在纸板上跳轰隆舞;正在纽约市的“屋顶”、“团结广场”和“推丁区”等传奇运动团体与嘻哈歌手们跳碰肘舞……总之,从构造街市说唱表演到当嘻哈乐记者到治理乐曲制造商,我啥都做。这类嘻哈文明不但拯救了很多看起来像我同样的人的生计, 并且它付与那些年老、处于工人阶级的黑人和推丁美洲爵士乐兴趣者比平易近权活动更多的职权。
但当你打仗了一段嘻哈乐后,你会有种奇异的感触。固然你依旧喜爱嘻哈乐,可是你会以更加抉剔的目光去对待这类文明,特别是当你研讨了其他的乐曲学派、4处漫游并加以专注思索的话。你会心识到最先以晚会乐曲情势显现的乐曲如今起始成为平易近权活动后usa的影片配乐。你会心识到,嘻哈乐是一种城市平易近间文艺, 它像上个百年30年月的布鲁斯歌手罗伯特?约翰逊演唱的哀歌同样,对穷困区域的境地和状况具备猛烈的表示效用。你大自然会看到正在约翰逊和图派克?沙克的生计之间有某种联络, 更不必说正在黑人乐曲情势的刷新者埃尔维斯和阿姆的支流炒作之间有着其实不难以诠释的联络。并且,假如摇滚乐蒙受到的景况也将产生正在嘻哈乐身上,假如这类状况如今尚无产生,你必定会感应惊奇的。
对付企业把持和拉拢是现今嘻哈乐所面对的内部战争。但嘻哈乐里面也正在举行一场内战。个中全体缘故无疑与企业的严厉把持相关,全体是与咱们所生计的难以相信的对政纲冷淡的时期相关:对有些usa白人而言,以后的经济昌盛为一切的usa人创新了一个美好的传说。实在状况并不是云云。里根官府曾经对平易近权活动、众多成灾的快克和**支和usa黑人众体中减速显现的使人不安的阶层分别举行了制约。20年后,嘻哈乐逐步成为被作废种族断绝、移平易近、奋发图强,另有自我冤仇所崩溃一代的意味。因而,曾经一度热心旷达、充斥生命力、机敏尖锐、明显活泼、棱角明显的嘻哈乐,往常像好莱坞刊行的一些影片和电视机节目同样,成为了一堆推许物资理念、欢乐理念、憎恨姑娘和传扬暴力的浅薄之作。
事务并不是老是如许。但倒霉的是,嘻哈乐的黄金时期(即上个百年80年月前期90年月早期。正在这临时期,像“公敌”、“N.W.A”、“奎因-推蒂法”、“饶舌汉默”、“LL ***ol J”和“迪推索”等分歧格调的创作者和睦共处,基本不所谓的“侧面”或“不和” 嘻哈歌手之说)早不复生存。跟它一同偃旗息鼓的另有嘻哈乐4大元素热:乱画、D舞元素(或叫轰隆舞)、打碟和说唱。说唱或饶舌艺人正在这个以汉子为中央的竞赛场上桂林一枝, 并且取得唱片胜利的法令再简易不外了,这便是:把本人幻想成一位无赖、皮条客或强盗;说金饰、衣服和烈酒时都押上韵;以你所能幻想得出的方法凌辱女性;以使人作呕的外貌列入交际集会并乱说8道。