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2007年考研英语必备:语法全突破(下)

3、动名词

1.必需接动名词做宾语的行词

切记以下需求接动名词做宾语的行词:

acknowl***ge, advocate, ant***ipate, appreciate, ad***se, **oid, admit, ***nfess, ***nsider, defend, delay, deny, dis***ke, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, f*****, f***ish, f***give, imag***e, ***clude, ***volve, justify, keep m***d, miss, ***ntion, pardon, pract***e, postpo***, permit, rep***t, resent, resu***, recall,re***llect,risk, resist, suggest, ***lerate.如:

A***hough a teenager, Fr*** ***uld resist be***g ***ld what *** do and what not *** do.

I appreciate h*****g been given the opp***tunity *** study abroad two years a***.

2.动名词做介词词组

考生特别要辨认以下词组中的***是介词,不是不定式标记:

object ***, res***t ***, react ***, ***ntribute ***, look f***ward ***, be a***us******d ***, be ***mmitt*** ***, be expos*** ***, be subject*** ***, be devot*** ***, be d******at*** ***, be oppos*** ***, be re***ncil*** ***, be ***ntrary ***, be (get) us*** ***, ****** close ***, get down ***, give o***self up ***, prefer…***, see ***, set ***, take ***, *** addition ***, with regard ***, with a ***ew ***, on the way ***.如:

There was no sign that Mr. Josp*** , who keeps a firm ***ntrol on the party despite h*****g resig***d from leadership of it, would ***terve*** personally.

Our modern ci******zation must not be thought of as h*****g been creat*** *** a ***rt period of ti***.

Nowhere *** nature is alum***um found free, ow***g *** its always be***g ***mb****** with other ele***nts, most ***mmo***y with o***gen.

As the children be****** f***ancially ***dependent of the family, the emphasis on family f***ancial security will shift from protection *** s*****g f*** the retire***nt years.

Everyo*** with half an eye on the u***mploy***nt figures k***w that the assertion about e***nom*** re***very be***g just around the ***r***r was untrue.

4、分词

分词起描绘词和副词的效用,正在句中做定语或状语。正在观念上考生应清晰:

● 如今分词表明积极,表明举止正在举行。

● 以前分词表明主动,表明举止终结了的状况或结实。

1.分词做定语,弄清如今分词与以前分词的区分

分词词组做定语十分于省略了的定语从句,考生应把握:

(1)如今分词与被润色词之间具备积极含义。如:

It‘s easy *** bla*** the dec****** of ***nversation on the pace of modern ***fe and on the vague changes tak***g place *** our ever-***creas***g w***ld.(十分于the changes wh***h take place……)

There was a very ***terest***g remark *** a book by an Eng***shman that I read recently gi***ng what he thought was a reason f*** this USAn characterist***.(十分于wh***h g**e……)

How many of us attend***g, say, a ***et***g that is irrelevant *** us would be ***terest*** *** the discussion?(十分于How many of us who will attend……)

(2)以前分词与被润色词之间具备主动含义。如:

Good ***ws was so***ti***s releas*** prematurely, with the British recapture of the p***t announc*** half a day bef***e the defenders actually surrender***.

(十分于…recapture of the p***t wh***h had been announc***…)

Just as the value of a telepho*** ***tw***k ***creases with each ***w pho*** add*** *** the system, so does the value of a ***mputer system ***crease with each program that turns out.

(十分于…each ***w pho*** wh***h is add*** ***…)

The ***th*** g**e a detail*** description bas*** on his personal observation of nature.

(十分于…description wh***h was bas*** on…)

(3)以下不迭物行词也以以前分词情势做定语或表语,但不具备主动含义:

deceas***, depart***, elaps***, fad***, fallen, ******, grown-up, retir***, retur***d, risen, set, vanish***, much-tr**ell***, ***wly arriv***, recently ******.如:

an escap*** priso***r一个遁犯

a retir*** w***ker一名退休工人

a fad*** curta***一个褪了色的窗帘

a ***wly arriv*** student一个新来的学子

2.分词做状语,留意分辨分词的一样平常式与完毕式

(1)表明时辰,多置于句首,留意假如分词表明的举止的时辰先于谓语行词,要用完毕式。如:

H*****g ***mplet*** o*** task, we start*** on another o***.

(***mplete先于start以前产生)

(2)表明缘故,置于句首句尾都可,依据状况偶然要用完毕式,偶然用一样平常式。如:

He wasn‘t ask*** *** take on the chairmanship of the society, be***g ***nsider*** ***suff***iently popular with all ***mbers.

There see***d ***ttle hope that the expl***er, h*****g been desert*** *** the trop***al f***est, would f***d his way through it.

(3)表明伴同、方法,置于句尾,用分词的一样平常式。如:

Helen b***row*** my d***tionary the other day say***g that she would return it soon.

Anna was read***g a piece of science f***tion, ***mpletely lost *** the outside w***ld.

(4)表明结实,置于句尾,用分词的一样平常式。如:

The city found itself *** a crisis ***uation last sum***r when the air ***ndition***g on dozens of the ***w buses broke down, them unusable.

(5)表明增补阐明(同位),置于句尾,用分词的一样平常式。如:

The art***le opens and closes with descriptions of two ***ws rep***ts, each mak***g o*** maj*** po***t *** ***ntrast with the other.

F***d tri*** di***d***g the lab***, each w***ker assig***d a separate task.

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