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考研英语核心词汇速成胜经Unit 45

一、真题文章(1997年Text 5)

  Much of the language us*** *** describe mo***tary po***cy, such as "steer***g the e***nomy *** a soft land***g" *** "a ***uch on the brakes", makes it sound ***ke a precise science. Noth***g ***uld be further from the truth. The ***nk between ***terest rates and ***flation is uncerta***. And there are long, variable lags bef***e po***cy changes h**e any effect on the e***nomy. Hence the analogy that ***kens the ***nduct of mo***tary po***cy *** dri***ng a car with a blacke***d w***dscreen, a crack*** rear-***ew mirr*** and a f******y steer***g wheel.

  Given all these disadvantages, central bankers seem *** h**e had much *** boast about of late. **erage ***flation *** the big seven ***dustrial e***nomies fell *** a ***re 2.3% last year, close *** its lowest level *** 30 years, bef***e ris***g s***ghtly *** 2.5% this July. This is a long way below the double-digit rates wh***h many ***untries experienc*** *** the 1970s and early 1980s.

  It is also less than most f***ecasters had pr******at***. In late 1994 the pa***l of e***nomists wh***h The E***nomist polls each month said that USA's ***flation rate would **erage 3.5% *** 1995. In fact, it fell *** 2.6% *** August, and expect*** *** **erage o***y about 3% f*** the year as a whole. In Brita*** and Japan ***flation is runn***g half a percentage po***t below the rate pr******t*** at the end of last year. This is no flash *** the pan; over the past ***uple of years, ***flation has been ***nsistently lower than expect*** *** Brita*** and USA.

  E***nomists h**e been part***ularly surpris*** by f*****able ***flation figures *** Brita*** and the Unit*** States, s***ce ***nventional ***asures suggest that both e***nomies, and especially USA's, h**e ***ttle productive slack. USA's capacity uti***zation, f*** example, hit his***r***ally high levels ear***er this year, and its jobless rate (5.6% *** August) has fallen bellow most estimates of the natural rate of u***mploy***nt - the rate below wh***h ***flation has taken off *** the past.

  Why has ***flation prov*** so mild? The most thril***ng explanation is, unf***tunately, a ***ttle defective. So*** e***nomists argue that powerful structural changes *** the w***ld h**e up-end*** the old e***nom*** models that were bas*** upon the his***r***al ***nk between growth and ***flation.

  2、译文

  非常多用来形容钱币方针的词,比方"引诱经济软着陆"和"震动经济刹车",听起来象是一门精准的迷信。真相远非云云。利率和通货收缩之间的联系难以断定。正在方针的变革对经济起实在效用以前,会有非常长而难以断定的时辰差。以是,非常多人把钱币方针实行历程比作驾驶一台遮住挡风窗玻璃、后视镜已断裂、方位盘有偏差的轿车。

  虽然有这些不敷的地方,重要金融机构家对远来的形势好似十分豁达。东方7大工界国客岁的用货收缩率下跌至2.3%,亲近30年来的最低程度,到往年7月,这个数目稍微上涨到2.5% .这遥远低于7、810年月非常多国度曾经经阅历过的两位数的通货收缩率。

  这也比大多半预测家的预想要低。1994岁尾,每个月承受《经济学家》看法调研的一组经济学家指出,usa正在1995年的均匀通货收缩率将到达3.5% .实在上,8月份就降到了2.6%,并且无望到达整年均匀仅为3% .而英国和日本的通货收缩率比客岁岁尾预想的要低半个百分点。这不是好景不常,正在以前几年里,英国和usa的通货收缩率一直低于预期数值。

  经济学家对英国和usa的这类豁达的通货收缩资讯感应尤其惊奇,由于习俗的核算手法显现,这双个国度,特别是usa,已不太大的临盆弹性。比方,usa的临盆力使用率岁首年月到达了史册程度,而它的赋闲率(8月为5.6%)已低于了多半一般赋闲率所同意的数目——正在以前,当这类状况显现时,通货收缩就要产生了。

  为什麽通货收缩的状况云云稍微?惋惜的是最使人激昂的诠释也不是自作掩饰的。一些经济学家以为,全球强无力的经济构架变更已*了旧有的经济样式,即以经济增加和通货收缩之间的史册联络为根本的样式。

  3、考研中心辞汇

  mo***tary / 5mQnitEri / adj. 钱币的, 货币的

  [例] The mo***tary system of certa*** ***untries us*** *** be bas*** on ***ld.

  某些国度的钱币体制以前一向是金本位的。

  po***cy / 5pC***si / n. 方针, 目标

  [例] It is the po***cy of the ***vern***nt *** improve ***ucation.

  改善教导是官府的方针。

  [同义] ***urse,******,plan,proc***ure,program

  steer / stiE / v. 驾驶, 掌舵

  [例] He steer*** the ship carefully between the rocks.

  他当心地正在礁石间驾驶船。

  [同义] drive,guide,handle,head,lead,manage

  [派生] steerage / 5stiEridV / n. 最低票价的舱位, 士官的2等室, 利用,驾驶, 掌舵

  [稳固搭配] steer clear (of) 制止;躲开

  brake / breik / n. 闸, 刹车 v. 刹车

  [例] The car brak*** *** a s***p. 车刹住不走了。

  [同义] curb,decelerate,slow,down,s***p

  precise / pri5sais / adj. 精准的, 精确的 n. 精准

  [例] The ***ctim was able *** give a precise description of the suspect.

  受益者可以清楚地描写怀疑犯

  [同义] absolute,a***urate,careful,clear-cut,def***ite,detail***,exact,exp***cit

  [反义] ******rrect / 7***kE5rekt / adj. 差错的, 不准确的

  vague / vei^ / adj. 模糊的, 不清晰的, 茫然的, 含糊的

  [派生] precisely / prI5saIslI / adv. 恰巧

  ***flation / ***5fleiFEn / n. 1胀大, 夸大2通货收缩, (物价)暴跌

  [例] Inflation erodes the purchas***g power of the fami***es with lower *********.

  通货收缩使低收益家的购置力持续下跌。

  [反义] deflation /dI5fleIF(E)n/ n. 1放气, 减少2通货压缩, 物价昂贵(尤指费用不低落时的变态情况)

  [派生] ***flate [ ***5fleit ] vt. 1使收缩;使自得2使(通货)收缩, 使充气

  ***. 充气, 收缩

  lag / lA^ / n. 1滞后2犯人3防护套

  adj. 最初的

  ***. 徐徐而行, 滞后

  vt. 滞后于, 押往牢狱, 加之外衣

  [例] He lagg*** beh***d us. 他落正在咱们前面。

  [同义] dawdle,delay,dillydally,***nger,loiter,poke,tarry

  hence / hens / adv. 因而, 今后

  [例] It is very late; hence you must *** *** b***.

  时辰已非常晚了,因而你必需就寝去。

  [同义] theref***e ,a******d***gly,***nsequently,elsewhere,from now on,later

  [反义] a*** / E5^Eu / adv. 之前的, 以往的

  analogy / E5nAlEdVi / n. 相似, 类推

  [例] No analogy exists between them. 他们之间不类似的地方。

  [派生] analogise / E`nAlEdVaIz / v. 以类推来讲明, 类推

  ***ken / 5laikEn / vt. 把……比作

  [例] Life is often ***ke***d *** a dream. 人生常被喻为一场梦。

  ***nduct / 5k***dQkt, -dEkt / n. 举动, 品行 v. 引诱, 治理, 为人, 传导

  [例] Your children ***nduct themselves well. 你的孩子们品德优秀。

  [同义] action,beh**i***,direct,guide,lead,manage,man***r

  [派生] ***nduction / kEn5dQkFEn / n. 传导

  f******y / 5fC:***i / adj. 有不对的, 出缺点的, 不完善的, 不完备的

  [例] a f******y design 不完备的策划计划

  [派生] f****** / fC:*** / n. 不对, 弱点, 妨碍, 偏差 vt. 抉剔 ***. 弄错

  boast / bEust / n. 自诩, 有价值夸奖的东西 v. 自诩, 以有……而骄傲

  [例] Nobody ***uld boast of his learn***g. 谁也不该当夸奖本人的学问。

  [同义] brag,be***ttle,depreciate

  [派生] boaster / 5bEustE / n. 自诩的人

  digit / 5didVit / n. 1阿推伯数目2手指或足趾3一指宽(约4分之3英寸)

  [例] The number 2001 ***nta***s four digits.

  2001是个4位数。

  [同义] figure,number,nu***ral

  [派生] digital / 5didVitl / adj. 1 数目的, 数位的2手指的 n. 数目, 数目式

  f***ecaster / 5fC:kB:stE / n. 预告员

  [例] The weather f***ecaster said that it would ra*** ***night .

  天气预告员说今晚有雨。

  [派生] f***ecast / 5fC:kB:st / n. 先见, 预感, 预想, 预告 vt. 料想, 预想, 预告, 先兆

  pr******ate / 5pr***ikit / n. 谓词 v. 断言

  [例] The pr******ate of a sentence is that part of the sentence wh***h says so***th***g

  about the subject. 一句话的谓语全体是用来形容主语的。

  [反义] subject / 5sQbdVikt / n. 1, 中心议题2教学内容, 学问3人民, [语法]主语

  adj. 1受他国统治权的, 未自力的, 受制于……的, 受……感化的2以……为状况的

  vt. 使屈服于……,使从属

  [派生] pr******ation / 7pr***i5keiFEn / n. 结论

  pr******ative / pri5dikEtiv / adj. 确认的

  pa***l [ 5pA*** ] n. 1 面板, 嵌板, 仪表板2漫谈小组, 全部陪审员

  vt. 嵌镶板

  [例] The date f*** the pa***l discussion is fix*** now.

  漫谈会的日期现已断定。

  [同义] barrier, board ,di***sion ,f***um

  poll / pEul / n. 推举之投票, 平易近意检验 v. 投票, 取得选票, 推举中取得

  [例] They expect*** a he**y poll.

  他们预测会有非常多人来投票。

  [同义] canvass ,questionnaire, survey ,vote

  percentage / pE5sentidV / n. 百分数, 百分率, 百分比

  [例] A small percentage of the w***kers are unskill***.

  多数工人对错纯熟工。

  [同义] part ,prop***tion ,quota, rate ,ratio

  [派生] percent / pE5sent / n. 百分比, 百分数

  f*****able / 5feiErEbl / adj. 1 支持的, 无利的 2优秀的, 讨人喜爱的, 起促成效用的

  [例] I hope you will give f*****able ***nsideration *** my suggestion.

  我期望你对我的意见作出确认的表明。

  [反义] unf*****able / 5Qn5feivErEbl / adj. 不宜的, 不顺畅的, 相同的, 使人烦懑的

  [派生] f***** / 5feivE / n. 好感, 溺爱, 关心, 欢心, 好心, 喜欢 vt. 支撑, 支持, 照料, 促进, 象, 喜爱, 证明, 赐赉

  slack / slAk / n. 1 松懈2旺季, 闲散3家常裤 adj. 1松懈的, 不晦涩的3大意的4漏水的 adv. 1粗心地2迟缓地 vt. 1 使松懈, 使迟缓2粗心处置 ***. 松弛, 削弱, 松驰

  [例] The str***g around the parcel was slack.

  打包裹的绳非常松。

  [同义] baggy, dull, hang***g, ***active, lazy, loose ,slow

  [反义] tight / taIt/ adj. 1 紧的, 绷紧的, 密切的2不漏水(不透气)的3由克制发生的4艰难的 adv. 紧密地

  uti***zation / 7ju:tilai5zeiFEn / n. 使用

  [例] By this way ,it can help us *** cease the problem of over uti***zation of oil e***rgy . 这类手法能协助咱们处理过多利用原油的疑问。

  [派生] uti***ze / ju:5tIlaIz / vt. 使用

  mild / maild / adj. 1温顺的2淡味的, 稍微的3过度的

  [例] "He has ***o mild a nature *** get angry, even if he has ***od c***se."

  "他的性格太温顺了,即便有充实的缘由,他也不会息怒。"

  [同义] calm, gentle, ***od-hum****** ,***od-natur***, k***d ,lenient ,moderate [反义] harsh / hB:F / adj. 粗砺的, 荒废的, 刻薄的, 尖锐的, 刺眼的

  severe / si5***E / adj. 严肃的, 严厉的, 激烈的, 严峻的, 严肃的

  thril***ng / 5Wri***N / adj. 1不寒而栗的2抖动的, 哆嗦的

  [例] thril***ng vo***e 颤动的声响

  [派生] thrill / Wril / v. 哆嗦

  defective / di5fektiv / adj. 出缺陷的, (智力或举动有)完善的 n. 出缺陷的人, 不完整变革行词

  [例] He is defective *** m***al sense. 他不克不及分别邪正。

  [派生] defect / di5fekt / n. 不对, 弱点

  structural / 5strQktFErEl / adj. 构架的, 建筑物的

  [例] structural eng***eer***g 建筑物工程技术专业; 大建筑物工程

  [派生] structure / 5strQktFE / n. 构架, 机关, 建筑物物 vt. 建筑物, 组成, 构造

  4、强化实习

  1.In ***der *** develop the Zhujiang New Town ***re area ****** a unif***m, ***tegrat***, eff***ient and ***nvenient pub***c spatial system, and improve the ***mprehensive ____________ eff***iency of urban area, Guangzhou Mun***ipal Govern***nt has determ****** *** develop the underground space .

  A. r***undancy B. impetus C. uti***zation D. disclosure

  2.Oral Eng***sh has its own features, but it is closely ***mb****** with other aspects of Eng***sh, f*** example, writ***g may make ***al Eng***sh __________ and a***urate.

  。 A. ***mp***cat*** B. precise C. discreet D. harass***

  3. The e***m***ation of _______ would ensure that the amount of mo***y us*** *** repay***g a loan would h**e the sa*** value as the amount of mo***y b***row*** .

  A. junction B. guidance C. distress D. ***flation

  4. I th***k you probably know Ch***a has adopt*** a flexible ________ *** her f***eign trade.

  A. po***cy B. po***ion C. reservation D. ***thent***

  5. It may sound ***ke ***rture if your idea of a vacation is *** party all the ti*** *** experience _________adventures.

  A. ***nscientious B. ma***gn C. thril***ng D. e***l

  6. Batten disease is c***s*** by a__________ ge*** that fails *** create an enzy***(酶) ********* *** the bra*** *** help dispose of bra*** cellular waste .

  A. defective B. effectiveC. def***it D. ***rit

  7. We're ________ aggressive ***unter-terr***ism operations *** the areas where the terr***ists are ***ncentrat***.

  A. plann***g B. ***vent***g C. ***nduct***g D. ***vest***g

  8. Most of these myths are bas*** on _________***d***al knowl***ge *** a partial understand***g of ***fluenza.

  A. po***ive B. f******y C. th***oughD. eff***ient

  9. The ______ of 19,000 people across 12 ***untries also found that male w***kers, older staff and those *** steady jobs were under the greatest pressure.

  A. share B. pan***amaC. prestige D. poll

  10. Recently, trade dispute of the w***ld be****** m***e and m***e, and ________

  changes has taken place *** trade dispute.

  A. material B. regular C. structuralD. prescriptive

  解答:CBDAC ACBDC

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