英文语法拉杂谈 六
冒号正在中文或英文里都是一个十分罕见的标点标记,正在用法上也大体同样。
留意:* 冒号前不成有空格* 冒号后可加一空格* 冒号后万万不要加- (如 :-)
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众人先来看看上面的例子,你觉得句子中的冒号用法对吗?
F*** our camp***g trip, I brought: a lantern, a sleep***g bag, food, water, and a flash***ght.
假如你的解答是对,那你就错了!这是一个罕见的冒号用法上的差错。准确的用法,看上来就会明了了。此地且让咱们从最简易的用法起始吧。
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6.1 冒号用正在公文上收信人的称号
Dear Sir: (你看,冒号前不任一空格喔)
We were very hon****** *** h**e you ****** ****** our ***mpany. ============================================ 6.2 冒号用于分隔题目和副题目(当一题目必要进一步阐明时所加之的副题目)
1. Math App***cations: Us***g Calculus *** Determ***e the Age of Rocks(题目Math App***cations和副题目Us***g Calculus *** Determ***e the Age of Rocks之间以冒号离隔)
2. I re***m***nd Ch******ry's book Oak Furniture: the British Tradition. (Oak Furniture是书名,the British Tradition是副题目)
============================================= 6.3 冒号必需加正在完备句子或自力子句以后
最多见的冒号用法上的差错便是将冒号放正在完备句或自力子句的中央。看看上面的例子:
Every repairman must h**e: a screwdriver, a ham***r, and a saw.
个中Every repairman must h**e是否有完备的意义呢?明显意义其实不完备。因而句子中的冒号是多馀的。假如要用冒号的话,上边句子应当写成上面的外貌:
There are three th***gs every repairman must h**e: a screwdriver, a ham***r,and a saw.
看看冒号前There are three th***gs every repairman must h**e,它是否有完备的意义呢?“每位修复员必备3样方向”可见意义是完备的,固然你还会问是哪3样方向呢?因而冒号前面就列出那3样方向了。
如今咱们明白正在冒号前必需是的完备意义的句子或子句,跟冒号后的可纷歧定是个句子或子句。它大概是一个列表,乃至大概仅是一个词汇。因而后面举的谁人例子错正在哪儿也就明了了吧。上面给出它的正误句:
差错句:F*** our camp***g trip, I brought: a lantern, a sleep***g bag, food,water, and a flash***ght.
准确句:F*** our camp***g trip, I brought various essential items: a lantern,a sleep***g bag, food, water, and a flash***ght.
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6.3.1 一些例子
1. Afr***a is fac***g a terrify***g problem: perpetual drought(持久干旱)。 (冒号后阐明非洲所面临的难题)
2. The ***uation is clear: if you h**e unprotect*** sex with a stranger, you risk AIDS. (阐明你的处境是啥)
3. She was sure of o*** th***g: she was not ******g *** be a housewife. (阐明她确认的是啥事)
4. We found the place easily: your directions were perfect. (阐明为何那末简便找到谁人地点)
5. Several friends h**e pro***d*** *** with ***spiration: Tim, Ian, and above all, Larry. (阐明是哪几个友人)
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6.3.2 反过去也行
1. S***ssure, Sapir, Bloomfield, Chomsky: all these h**e revolutioniz*** ***nguist***s *** o*** way *** another. ================================================ 6.4 冒号用于说明援用圣经的章节
1. The s***ry of Menahem is found *** II K***gs 15:1422. ================================================ 6.5 冒号用于表明比例
1. Among students of French, wo***n outnumber ***n by m***e than 4:1. (4:1=4比1,用笔墨说便是by m***e than four *** o***)
================================================ 6.6 冒号用于表明时辰(usa式)
1. 2:15 (两点105分) (英国式 2.15)
2. 11:30 (A) (上半天10一点3格外) (英国式 11.30 am)
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你说英文冒号的用法和中文的有啥分歧呢?
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